西方幽默精神的现代转捩

西方传统的幽默观念先后经历了生理气质阶段、可笑气质阶段和可笑表达阶段的发展,其本质属于一种乐观主义精神。因此,在人的问题日益成为问题的现代社会,西方幽默观念也开始向悲观主义的转捩,其转折点就是弗洛伊德。从情感节省和超越痛苦的思路出发,弗洛伊德认为,幽默的根本不是玩笑,而是生存哲学。这种思想的影响,使得现代主义文学对悲剧的内容进行喜剧化的处理,从而形成了与传统幽默大相径庭的黑色幽默。

On the Modern Shift of Western Humor Spirit

The traditional western conception of humor has witnessed the development of the physical demeanor phase,the amusing demeanor phase,and the amusing expression phase respectively,and it is optimistic in nature.However,in the modern society where people's problem became the major problem,the western conception of humor begins to shift to a pessimistic end.The shift stems from Sigmund Freud.With respect to emotional conservation and overcome of sorrows,Freud believes the foundation of humor lies in the philosophy of existence instead of jokes.Modernist literature has optimized tragic content under the influence of Freud's theory,hence giving rise to the black humor,which is drastically different from traditional humor.