从“特殊关系”走向“正常关系”——战后美欧关系纵论

第二次世界大战后美欧关系的发展演变,主要受国际形势和美欧双方的实力两大因素制约。冷战期间,美国和西欧国家建立并保持了大西洋联盟式的“特殊关系”。冷战结束后,由于国际形势的变化和欧盟的崛起,美欧关系出现历史性调整,即从冷战时期依附性质的“特殊关系”向后冷战时代趋向平等的“正常关系”转变。伊拉克战争加速了美欧关系历史性调整的进程。

Moving away from “Special Relationship” toward “Normal Relationship”: Evolution of the US-EU Relations since the Second World War

The evolution of the US-European relations after the Second World War is mainly affected by the two factors of international situation and the strength of both the US and the EU. During the Cold War, the US and the Western European countries established and maintained the so-called “special relationship” characterized by the Atlantic Alliance. Following the end of the Cold War, international relations underwent great changes, and the EU continued to rise. Against such a backdrop, US-European relations witnessed a historical transition away from the Cold War years' dependency-natured “special relationship” to a kind of “normal relationship” characterized especially by the EU's aspiration for an equal partnership with the US in the post Cold-War era. The War of Iraq accelerated the pace of the transition.