浅释苏格拉底神圣使命之由来

德尔斐神谕并非苏格拉底使命形成的根本原因。实际上,在凯勒丰出发去德尔斐之前,苏格拉底已经形成了必须从事正义的事神术的虔敬观念。神谕和其随后对神谕含义的理解,使苏格拉底坚信神是通过神谕赋他以指出雅典人无知、劝告他们追求至善的使命。这样,苏格拉底就从无意识地事神转变为有意识地自觉地履行其神圣使命,神谕在这一使命的形成中起到了重要的推动和促进作用,促使苏格拉底完成了其宗教观念的最后转变。

On the Origin of Socrates' Divine Mission

In the present paper, the writer tried to show that the Delphic oracle is not the root cause in the formation of Socrates＇mission. In fact, before Chaerophon＇s journey to Delphi, Socrates had already affirmed that piety requires that a man should engage in the craft of just service to the god. The oracle and his subsequent in- terpretation of its meaning made Socrates realize that the god wanted him to point out the Athenians＂ ignorance and to advice to the god to undertaking his divine mission consciously. During this procedure, the oracle played an important driving role, urging Socrates to complete the final transformation of his pious conception.