功利主义辩难

作为一种道德——政治哲学，功利主义的合理性与其局限性几乎同样明显。功利主义的局限不仅源于其自身理论逻辑的不完备性，也来自其外部社会条件的有限性。因此，对功利主义局限性的克服，既非其理论上的自我完善，更不能奢望提出一种完美无缺、放之四海而皆准的替代性理论，而是应构建由各种不同的价值取向相互补充、相互矫正所形成的制衡机制，以有效地防止一种文化或一个社会由于过分地倚重某一种价值取向（如功利主义）而导致严重失衡，以至发生倾覆。

A Debate on Utilitarianism

As moral-politlcal philosophy,utilitarianism has obvious rationality and limitation. It is impossible to overcome the limitation by perfecting the theory itself or by replacing it with any other theories carrying universal truths. Balanced mechanisms composed by various value orientations that can mutually complement and correct need to be construct so as to prevent the serious＇ unbalance or even overturning caused by the excessive relying on one culture or one value orientation （e. g. utilitarianism）.