制度同构下企业环境战略的异质性响应——来自重污染行业上市公司社会责任报告的经验分析

综合运用制度理论和企业生命周期理论，剖析不同规制压力对企业环境战略的影响，以及处于生命周期不同阶段的企业对规制压力的异质性战略响应，进而从中国典型重污染行业中筛选597家上市公司，采用多项Logit模型进行实证研究。研究结果显示:（1）政策压力增加，企业倾向于选择环保领导型战略，而不倾向于选择反应型战略；（2）监管和公众压力越大，企业越不会选择反应型战略，但对选择污染防御型或环保领导型战略无明显差异；（3）进一步地，政策、监管和公众压力越大，成熟期企业越倾向于选择环保领导型战略；（4）政府政策的不断施压使初创成长期和衰退期企业偏好污染防御型战略。通过揭示规制压力、企业生命周期与企业环境战略选择的内在关系，丰富了制度同构和战略异质性二元行动逻辑的理论分析。

Heterogeneous Response of Corporate Environmental Strategy under Institutional Isomorphism

Based on legitimacy theory and the enterprise life cycle theory,we the influences of different on corporate environmental strategy are analyzed,as well as the relationship between regulatory pressure and environmental strategy in the different stages of enterprise life cycle. Then,we choose 597 listed companies from typical heavy pollution industry in China,using multiple Logit models for empirical research. The results show that:(1)Policy pressures increase,companies tend to choose environmental leadership strategy,and do not tend to choose reactive strategy;(2)The greater the supervision and public pressure are,the less likely the companies will choose reactive strategy,but there is no significant difference in the selection of pollution prevention or environmental leadership strategy;(3)Further,the greater the pressure of policies,supervision,and the public,the more favorable the enterprises in the mature period to choose the environmental leadership strategy;(4)The greater the pressure of policies,the more likely the enterprises in the growth and recession period prefer to pollution prevention strategy.