基于异质性视角的创意阶层区域分布的影响因素

借助劳动者"雇佣-被雇佣"二元角色差异,将创意阶层区分为技能型（即受雇型）与创业型（即自我雇佣型）两种类别。构建理论与计量模型,采用2003-2013年中国省际面板数据,从经济因素、创新环境、人文环境、制度环境、生态环境等5个方面探讨异质性创意阶层区域分布的决定因素。实证结果表明:对于处在创新链后端的创业型创意阶层而言,其对区域经济环境、政治纠偏环境、人文环境具有显著的依赖性,但是对创新环境、知识产权制度、生态环境等因素却不够敏感;而对于处在创新链前端的技能型创意阶层而言,其对区域创新环境、生态环境、知识产权制度表现出显著的依赖性,但可能由于受资源错配和劳动力本地效应的影响,经济发展水平与开放的人文环境没能起到显著的激励作用。研究力图从理论和经验两方面完善创意阶层的概念体系,进而为区域人才竞争战略提供启示。

The Determinants of Regional Distribution of the Heterogeneity Creative Class in China

The creative class is distinguished as two types in this paper,i.e. the entrepreneurship-based creative class and the expert-based creative class. An econometric model is established to investigate how the soft environment impact on the distribution of heterogeneous creative class based on the panel data during the period of 2003-2013 in China. The empirical results show that the average wage level,openness,regional innovation,and the honest level of government have a positive and significant effect on attracting the entrepreneurship-based creative class,while the effects caused by the level of intellectual property protection,R&D expenditure intensity,and eco-environment turn out to be not significant. By contrast,those three insignificant factors for attracting the entrepreneurship-based creative class have a positive and significant effect on the distribution of the expert-based creative class. However, due to the twist effect of the labour market in China,the factors of regional innovation,openness,and average wage level have a bit of inhibiting effects on the growth of the expert-based creative class. The study establishes a theoretical model which is helpful to explore how heterogeneous creative class is spatially distributed across China.