新工科下工程训练发展脉络、内涵与路径的可视化分析

以1998—2020年中国知网收录的1234篇"工程训练"或"工程实训"为关键词的论文为研究对象,通过文献计量分析与知识图谱的方法对我国工程训练的研究脉络、内涵与发展趋势进行了梳理,并绘制出演化路径图。研究发现：我国工程训练研究的成果呈稳步增长趋势,研究的开展广泛和积极,其内涵也愈发丰富与多元,同时也存在学术力量比较薄弱,尚未形成优势互补、资源共享的集群效应等不足。未来应加强与"四新"建设、"大工程观"大文科观"等多学科及新时代育人元素的融合发展;构建"多层次+多学科+创新实践"教学体系,因材施教,尤其是通识教育的下沉式普及;结合虚拟教研室等技术,积极搭建青年教师学习、成长成才的交流平台,形成一定的研究力量梯队。

Visual Analysis of the Progress, Connotation and Path of Engineering Train Under New Engineering Education

Taking "engineering train" or "engineering internship" as a key word, 1234 academic papers compiled in CNKI from 1998 to 2020 are chosen as the research object. Through the method of bibliometric analysis and knowledge graph, the research progress, connotation and trend of engineering training have been sorted out, and the evolution path map of the theme has been drawn. It was found that the achievement amount of engineering training research is increasing steadily. With such researches carried out widely and actively, their connotation are greatly enriched and diversified accordingly. At the same time, there are also some shortcomings, such as weak academic strength, lack of complementary advantages and cluster effect of resource sharing. In the future, we should strengthen integrative development with new era education elements and multidiscaiplinary elements in engineering train, such as the integration with construction of four new disciplines (new engineering, new medicine, new agriculture and new liberal arts), the concept of big engineering and the concept of big liberal arts. It is also necessary to build a multilevel teaching system constituted by "multidiscipline and innovative practice" in which students are instructed in accordance with their aptitude and general education, in particular, which is popularized in general education. Besides, we should build a communication platform for young teachers'' learning and professional development of young teachers, thus forming research teams at different levels.