思政课以问题启发式讲道理的内在根据、原则遵循与实践进路

思政课的本质是讲道理。为把道理讲深、讲透、讲活,需要探索思政课讲道理的方式方法。作为启发式教学最重要、最常见的一种启发方式,问题启发式成为思政课讲道理的重要方式,有着深刻的理论、历史和现实逻辑。通过问题启发式教学讲道理要把握好灌输意识和启发思考、把稳方向和发散思维、教师主导和学生主体的统一。在教学实践中以问题启发式教学推动思政课讲深讲透讲活道理,需要依照"引入问题" "思考问题" "辨析问题"的逻辑次序展开,以"做好教学设计,合理设置问题情境"为前提,"鼓励独立思考,有效启发学生思维"为核心,"进行透彻分析,推动学生举一反三"为目标,由浅及深、循序渐进,实现道理入脑入心入行。

The Internal Basis, Principles, and Practical Approach of Clarifying the Truth Through Problem-Based Heuristic Teaching in Ideological and Political Courses

The essence of ideological and political courses is to clarify the truth. In order to explain the truth deeply, thoroughly, and vividly, we need to explore the ways and methods of how to explain the truth in ideological and political courses. As the most important and common method, problem-based heuristic teaching has been an important way to reason in ideological and political classes in that it is endowed with profound theoretical, historical, and practical logic. In this sense, it is necessary to achieve the unity between instilling awareness and inspiring thinking, the harmony between stabilizing direction and divergent thinking, and the integration between teachers'' leadership and student subjectivity. In order to promote a profound and vivid classroom teaching via this method, it is necessary to follow a logical procedure, namely, problem introduction, problem exploration, and problem analysis. Accordingly, reasonable teaching design and problem-setting context should be the premise; the key is to encourage students'' independent thinking, so that they are inspired effectively. Besides, the goal of this teaching method is to motivate students to make analogy after a thorough analysis. In this vein, students can immerse in the principles they acquired and practice them naturally.