中国城镇养老保险可持续性问题探讨

城镇养老保险对于城市体制改革、经济发展以及社会稳定都具有非常重要的作用。为了迎接人口老龄化高峰养老金支付危机 ,中国实行了统账结合的新的养老保险制度 ,但这种新的养老保险制度在实施中面临着收不抵支、隐性债务加大、覆盖面小、养老保险金收缴难的困境。建议调整养老保险金给付政策及退休年龄 ,由国家财政负担转制成本 ,大力发展农村养老保险制度等 ,以确保城镇养老保险可持续性发展。

Discussion on the Sustainable Development of Endowment Insurance System in China

The development of endowment insurance is very important to economic development, the reform of social framework and social security. Chinese endowment insurance system which combines the social plan in the whole and personal account confronts some problems in practice: The income is smaller than the cost; The cost of transforming two endowment insurance systems is large; It is difficult to expand the coverage of endowment insurance and collect the insurance fund. Through analyzing the problems, which the system faces, some suggestions are given as followings: adjusting the policy of paying pension, bearing the cost of transforming the two systems by the nation's finance, developing the endowment insurance system of countryside, and so on.