俄罗斯后现代主义特征的哲学审视——基于文化学研究视域

自20世纪中后期，基于现代性在自身发展中存在的困境，国内外学界对后现代主义日益关注，并就其源起、特征、本质等进行了深入探索。作为后现代主义思潮的重要组成部分，俄罗斯后现代主义一方面具有西方后现代主义的典型特征，另一方面又因其有别于西方的现实境界而具有极强的本土特质。从发生语境来看，俄罗斯后现代主义诞生于苏联时期，且大量继承了20世纪初现代主义的精神文化遗产；从文化本源来看，俄罗斯民族性中的后现代主义特质使其在一定程度上甚至比西方国家更靠近后现代主义的精神内核。这些独具特色的地域性特征使俄罗斯后现代主义获得了独立于西方的合法性地位，成长为一种蕴含民族本土气质的思想文化景观。尽管俄罗斯后现代主义被宣布“终结”已近二十载，但其理论遗产是我们常想常新的宝贵财富，对其独特性的不断回顾与反思，将为我们对俄罗斯思想文化的研究开辟新的视角。

A Philosophical Examination of the Characteristics of Russian Postmodernism Based on the Perspective of Culturology

Since the middle and late 20th century, due to the predicament of modernity in its own development, the academic circles at home and abroad have paid more and more attention to postmodernism and conducted in-depth exploration on its origin, characteristics and nature. As an important part of the postmodernism, Russian postmodernism on the one hand has the typical characteristics of western postmodernism, and on the other hand has strong local characteristics because of its unique realistic background. From the perspective of context, Russian postmodernism was born in the Soviet Union and inherited a great deal of the spiritual and cultural heritage of modernism in the early 20th century. From the perspective of cultural origin, the postmodernism in Russian nationality to some extent makes it closer to the spiritual core of postmodernism than western countries. These unique regional characteristics make Russian postmodernism obtain the legitimacy status independent of the West and grow into an ideological and cultural landscape containing the national native temperament. Although it has been nearly 20 years since Russian postmodernism was declared to be over, its theoretical legacy is our valuable spiritual treasure. The constant review and reflection on its uniqueness will open up a new perspective for our study of Russian ideology and culture.