论英语听力中的语境与语篇理解

听力中的语篇理解不仅基于对词句的字面理解,而且还要依靠语境。当字面理解受阻时,语境线索可起到排阻作用;当语篇理解受困时,激活认知语境中的图式,经过推理,能达到理解语篇的目的。所以,听力教学必须研究解决三个方面的问题:(1)听力过程中如何利用语境线索激活心理图式,通过推理,准确把握词句的情景意义或排除歧义,以求理解语篇;(2)听力过程中如何创设认知语境,以理解语篇;(3)把语境作为一种听力策略纳入听力教学中去。

Context and Text Interpretation in Listening English

Text interpretation in listening English is based on not only on decoding vocabulary and sentences but also on linking the text with its context.When interpretation is blocked by some words,contextualization cues can help to eliminate the barriers.Moreover,motivating schema in the cognitive environment through inference can guide the listeners to interpret the text.This paper addresses three issues:(1)the way to acquire the situational meaning of some homonyms and homophones by relying on contextualization cues or to eliminate ambiguity by motivating schema and inference;(2)the way to set up or use context in listening English;(3)putting context into teaching English listening as a teaching tactic.