简论伊朗帕提亚帝国骑兵制度的形成及特点

骑兵,一般在古代战争中作为步兵的辅助力量存在,而在帕提亚帝国骑兵却是军队的主要力量。由于帕提亚帝国发源于游牧民族传统,帝国幅员辽阔,内部多元和分散,东联中亚草原,西接两河流域,上承古波斯帝国军事优势,造就他们的骑兵称霸西亚。其骑兵的冲击力和机动性构成伊朗古代史和世界古代史上战斗力最强的一支军队。帕提亚的骑兵分为重装骑兵和轻装弓骑兵,他们装备当时世界上最先进的铠甲和武器,并配备了当时后勤保障最有力的骆驼队,双方根据自身的特点在战争中扮演不同的角色,发挥不同的作用。双方的相互配合加上灵活机动的战略战术往往能产生震撼的效果。

On the Formation and Characteristics of the Cavalry System in the Parthian Empire of Iran

Cavalry,generally used as an auxiliary force for infantry in ancient wars,but it was the main force of the army in the Parthian empire.As the Parthian empire originated from the nomadic tradition,it was a vast empire with diverse and scattered interior,connected with the steppes of central Asia in the east,Mesopotamia in the west,and succeed the military superiority of the ancient Persian empire.The impact and mobility of its cavalry constitute one of the most powerful forces in ancient Iranian and world history.The parthian cavalry were divided into heavy cavalry and light horse archers. They were equipped with the most advanced armor and weapons in the world at that time. They were also equipped with the most powerful camel troops at that time.The cooperation of the two sides together with the flexible strategy and tactics can often produce shocking results.