从农村社会保障制度的变迁与问题论农村养老困境的解决

中国已进入老年社会,农村养老成为人们非常关注的问题。由于经济的特殊性,农村养老更需选择高效的解决对策,这就需要立足历史,解决未来。我国的农村社会保障事业经历了较长的发展历程,期间发生了多次变化:计划经济下单一的政府支撑;联产承包责任制下家庭和土地的双依托模式;市场化进程中抵御经济的风险社会化模式。但是在市场化进程中,传统的家庭自保和土地的保障功能正在弱化,农村社会保障必须充分考虑这些问题。目前农村养老的主要方式还是家庭养老,社会养老只起辅助作用。未来的社会要逐渐形成自我养老和社会养老为主体,伴以家庭养老和社区养老的农村养老体系。

On the Way-out of the Rural Providing for the Aged Based on Agricultural Social Security System Changing and Its Problems

China has entered an aged society,so attention has been paid to providing for the aged in rural area(PAA).There is a long history for the development of Agricultural Social Security(ASS)in China,and many changes happened during the period: single governmental upholding under planning economy;family-land double support mode under contract related to product system;anti-risk socialization mode under marketing economy.But during the course of marketing procession,family self-security and land-security is being weakened.The problems must be reconsidered in ASS.Nowadays the main model for PAA is the family PA while society PA only takes subsidiary function.In the future society,the PA system must be constructed by way of the following: self-PA and society PA being the main body accompanied by family PA and community PA.