日本农村妇女创业及支持政策分析

自20世纪90年代,日本农村妇女突破传统的单纯从事农业劳动的局限,以挖掘自身潜力、体现自身价值,提高个人和家庭农业收入为目的,开展了形式多样的创业活动。日本农村妇女创业的主要特征是个人创业活动与家庭和地区关系密切,妇女拥有充分的自主性和独立性。妇女创业的蓬勃发展得益于妇女个人的努力,也得力于日本政府在人才培养、资金支持、基础设施的完善、营销策略指导等多方面的支持。日本的经验表明,农村妇女完全有机会进入农业价值链的顶端,深入参与到市场经济中。但需要国家在促进农村妇女充分公平的经济参与上起主导作用,采取相应对策和创造妇女适应市场经济的环境,助推妇女走向市场。

Analysis of Entrepreneurship and Social Support Policy for Japanese Rural Women

Since the 1990s, Japanese rural women have broken through traditional limitations of pure agricultural labor to develop their potential, reflect their own values, and improve their income. Various forms of entrepreneurial activities have been carried out. The characteristics of rural women entrepreneurship are： closer relationship with family and region and full autonomy and independence of women. Women＇ s entrepreneurship has relied on women＇ s own efforts, along with the government＇ s support in personnel training, financial support, infrastructure improvement, and marketing strategy guidance. Japan＇ s experience shows that rural women have the potential to reach the top of the agricultural value chain, but that this requires the nation to play a leading role in setting up a conducive environment for women to adapt to the market economy, promote fair economic participation, and encourage women to become more active in entrepreneurial activities.