关于黄遵宪“新派诗”的评价问题——读《谈艺录》对公度诗的评论

黄遵宪是近代杰出的思想家和诗人,他的"新派诗"代表了诗界革命的实绩,历来评价较高。钱钟书先生对黄遵宪的"新派诗"颇有微词。钱先生的批评主要有三点:一是黄遵宪的"新派诗"有新事物而无新理致;二是黄遵宪的《番客篇》、《以莲菊桃杂供一瓶作歌》不过是因袭了前人的作品;三是黄遵宪在诗中运用新名词"亦犹参军蛮语作诗,仍是用佛典梵语之结习而已"。这三点不仅关系到黄遵宪"新派诗"的评价,也涉及到对诗界革命派诗歌的认识。回到原典,重新解读黄诗,就会发现钱先生所提出的三点,似有不妥之处。公正地说,黄诗不仅开拓了诗域,而且传递了新的情感和思维方式,创新了语言,也改革了诗体。

On the evaluation of Huang Zunxian's "new style poetry"

Huang Zunxian is an outstanding thinker and poet in modern China.His "new style poetry" is a representative of the Poetry Revolution and wins him high appraisal.But Qian Zhongshu criticized Huang's "new style poetry" as to bear the following three defects:it had new things without new thinking;predecessors could be found for some pieces;the use of new words was in the old habit of using allusions of sanskrit sutra.This paper proposes to suspect these ideas and express my own view of how to evaluate Huang Zunxian's "new style poetry",which,in my opinion,expanded the scale of poetry,conveyed new emotions and modes of thinking,as well as reformed Chinese poetry in both language and style.