莫斯科的国际中心城市地位研究

20世纪90年代，莫斯科的政治、经济和社会结构经历了重大变革，改变了莫斯科的国家地位和国际排名。本文研究莫斯科在俄罗斯国内和在欧洲城市中的地位。毫无疑问，莫斯科的发展特点是：在逐渐脱离国家城市体系的同时，也逐渐朝着国际方向发展。以经济指标来衡量，莫斯科在国内找不到竞争对手。它远远领先于国内其他城市，因为这些城市正快速融入国内和区域经济的潮流，只在很小的程度上参与经济全球化。相反，莫斯科越来越多地争取融入跨国公司和国际经济体系的行列。虽然莫斯科作为一个国际性城市的概念往往只是城市的政治工具，但事实上，如果俄罗斯的首都想要融入世界，其资本是有限的。从中欧的角度来看，目前莫斯科最重要的功能，是连结中欧、西欧和俄罗斯。但现实是，莫斯科与俄罗斯其他城市之间的差距将会继续扩大。

Moscow, the global city The Position of the Russian Capital within the European System of Metropolitan Areas

During the 1990s, the city of Moscow was subject to an extraordinary transformation in its political, economic and social structures, which had consequences for the position of Moscow within the national and international hierarchy of cities. This article is concerned with the trends that can be discerned regarding the position of Moscow on the national and European scales. Without a doubt, the development of Moscow is characterized by an increasing separation from the national urban system and a growing international orientation. The Russian capital has no competitors on the national level： measured against the relevant economic indicators it is a long way ahead of the remaining Russian cities, which are primarily integrated into national and regional economic flows, and participate in the global economy only to a limited degree. Moscow, in contrast, is increasingly striving to integrate itself into transnational and international economic structures. Although the concept of Moscow as a global city is often instrumentalized in municipal politics, the ability of the Russian capital to act as a global centre is in fact limited. At present Moscow＇ s most important function, from a Central European perspective, is to act as a bridging link between Central and Western Europe and Russia. There is a danger that the spatial disparities between Moscow on the one hand, and the remaining Russian cities and regions on the other, will continue to grow.