中国古代的生态环保思想与法律规定

中国古代至少在西周时就有关于生态环保方面的规定,秦汉时将这些规定以法律形式予以颁布。由于地理环境的因素,我国西夏王朝亦制定了较为完备的涉及生态环保方面的法律。在生态环保思想上,儒家以“仁”为出发点,主张善待自然万物。宋时程朱理学的“天人合一”主张对于生态伦理思想的发展具有重要贡献。发掘搜罗中国古代有关生态环保方面的法规定,探讨各家各阶段环保思想源流,对于我们今天的环保工作具有积极的借鉴意义。

The Conceptions of Environmental Protection and the Relevant Legal regulations in Ancient China

The history of Chinese ecological environmental protection regulations can at least be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty and later they were promulgated in the Qin and Han dynasties. The Western Xia dynasty witnessed the formation of a relatively mature law on ecological environmental protection because of geographic factors. The Confucian ecological thoughts had been stressing a good treatment of all natural things on earth on the basis of the Confucian philosophical idea of "benevolence." According to the philosophy of Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi in the Song Dynasty, the concept of "Unity of Man and Nature" is crucial to the development of the thought on ecology and ethics. It is significant to discover and collect the legal regulations on ecological environmental protection in ancient China and to explore the headstream of the thoughts on environmental protection of different schools at different stages for China's environmental protection.