智慧养老政策演进与主题特征分析

第七次全国人口普查数据表明，经济越发达的地区老龄化趋势越严重，智慧养老的社会需求和发挥的作用相应也越大。以江苏省出台的智慧养老政策为研究样本，分析江苏省破解老龄问题的政策路径，对其他地区智慧养老制度优化设计提供参考。收集江苏省及其地级市发布的85份智慧养老政策；通过量化手段梳理智慧养老政策时间、主体等显性特征，分析政策演进的主要脉络；以TF-IDF算法提取政策高频关键词并进行聚类，剖析养老领域顶层设计格局。聚类图谱显示，江苏省智慧养老政策主要聚焦于公共服务、产业模式及智慧技术三大主题。对今后智慧养老政策制定提出三点建议，分别是基于政策基础深化制度体系建设、多方联动探索智慧养老产业发展、立足群体特征优化智慧养老服务。

Evolution and Theme Analysis of Smart Senior Care Policy in Jiangsu Province

According to the data of the seventh national census, the more economically developed an area is, the more serious the aging trend is, and the greater the needs for and role of smart senior care are. Taking the smart senior care policies issued by Jiangsu as research sample, this paper analyzes the policy path of solving the aging problem in Jiangsu, and provides reference for the optimal design of smart senior care system in other regions. Firstly, 85 smart senior care policies issued by Jiangsu Province and its prefecture-level cities were collected; secondly, quantitative means was used to sort out the dominant characteristics such as time and subject of smart senior care policy, to analyze the skeleton of policy evolution; finally, TF-IDF algorithm was used to extract policy high-frequency keywords and cluster them to analyze the top-level design pattern in the field of elderly care. The cluster map shows that the smart senior care policies in Jiangsu mainly focus on three themes: public service, industrial model and smart technology. Three recommendations have been put forward for the future development of smart senior care: to deepen the construction of institutional system based on policy basis, to explore the development of smart senior care industry through multi-party collaboration, and to optimize smart senior care services based on population characteristics.