月球探测发展历程及启示

从1959年到1976年,前苏联和美国发射了多种系列的月球探测器,他们采用了最早的深空探测技术和探测方式,并获得了宝贵的成果和丰富的经验,掀起了世界第一次探月高潮;1976—1994年国际上将深空探测的重点转向了火星和对空间站的研制,没有进行过任何完全成功的月球探测活动,出现了其后的相对月球探测宁静期;20世纪末,美国的"克莱门汀"号和"月球勘探者"号成功获取了月球的新发现,世界航天大国相继宣布了以月球为中心的深空探测计划,并纷纷发射月球探测器,将月球探测又推向了一个新的高潮。根据目前"嫦娥一号"的新技术和他国的月球探测情况,对我国未来月球探测进行展望,以在今后国际月球探测活动中占据主要位置。

The Development and Enlightenment of Lunar Exploration

From 1959 to 1976,the former Soviet Union and the United States had launched a series of lunar probe,which used the earliest deep space exploration technology and detection methods and acquired the valuable achievements and the rich experience,which set off the first lunar exploration upsurge in the world;From 1976 to 1994,more attention had taken into the space station and Mars in the international deep-space exploration,and none fully successful lunar exploration activities had been conducted,a relative tranquil period of lunar exploration occurred;In the end of the 20th century,America's "Clementine" and "Moon Explorer" successfully acquired the new discoveries about moon,and the main space countries had announced deep space exploration programs about the moon one after another,at the same time they launched lunar probes,which pushed lunar exploration to a new climax.Based on the new technology of "Chang'e 1" and the other country's lunar exploration plans,the paper gives lunar exploration implementary program of China in order to occupy the key position in the future international lunar exploration activities.