Multidimensional scaling models with inequality and equality constraints

Recently, a lot of attention has been brought to constrained estimation theory in multidimensional scaling models. So far, only equality constraints have been thoroughly studied. In this paper, the optimization theory is extended to general multidi-mensional scaling models with both inequality and equality constraints. A Newton-Raphson based algorithm is developed to produce the constrained least squares estimate. To illustrate the theory, some classical color data are reanalyzed in the context of the linear Euclidean distance model.