Capabilities and employability of unwed mothers |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia;2. School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia;3. Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, MD, United States;4. National Ageing Research Institute, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia;5. CSIRO, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;6. Cogstate Ltd, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;7. Department of Psychology and ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia;8. Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, St. Vincent’s Aged Psychiatry Service, St George’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia;9. School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Western Australia Centre for Health and Ageing, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia;10. Mental Health Research Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;11. Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer''s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia;12. Sir James McCusker Alzheimer''s Research Unit, Hollywood Private Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia;13. Neurosciences Unit, Health Department of WA, Perth, Western Australia, Australia;1. Center for Spine Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA;2. Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;3. Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA;4. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA;5. Department of Neurosurgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York, USA;6. Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA;1. Case Western Reserve University, N0B040 Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, 2120 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;2. The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Newton Hall, 1585 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;3. The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Cunz Hall, 1841 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;1. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, PO Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands;2. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Technology, Pingleyuan 100, 100124 Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | In this paper we assess the economic capabilities of a sample of unwed mothers who gave birth in the spring of 1998 in hospitals that serve low-income residents in seven cities that are part of a national sampling frame. We show that recent unwed mothers who are not in a cohabiting relationship are especially vulnerable to economic hardship because they are more likely to encounter multiple barriers to employment than mothers who do cohabit with their newborn's father. However, analyses of earnings capacity suggest that most single-mother families would be poor even if the mothers worked 1500 hours per year, and near poor if they worked full-time, year round (2000 hours). Analyses of income portfolios indicate that low-income mothers are quite resourceful packaging cash and income transfers from multiple sources to meet the needs of their families. These results are discussed in the context of recent welfare reforms. |
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