The consumer expenditures of elderly women: Racial,marital, and rural/urban impacts |
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Authors: | Dr Vira R Kivett Frankie N Schwenk |
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Institution: | (1) Human Development and Family Studies at the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 27412-5001 Greensboro, NC;(2) Family Economics Research Group, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 6505 Belcrest Rd., Room 439 A, 20782 Hyattsville, MD |
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Abstract: | This research, using data from the interview component of the 1990 Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES), examines the main and
interaction effects of race, marital status, and residence on the economic well-being of women 65 years or older (N=3,205). Economic well-being is measured by total annualized expenditures of the household for goods and services. The first
hypothesis is supported: race, marital status, and urban or rural residence each has a major effect on the economic well-being
of older women after adjusting for the effects of age and household size. The characteristics of nonwhite, nonmarried, and
rural are associated with lower economic well-being. The second hypothesis is not supported: race, marital status, and residence
do not interact to produce differences in the economic well-being of older women. Both hypotheses are examined by analysis
of covariance. The results show the economic diversity of older women and the persistent effects of race, marital status,
and rural or urban residence on the economic well-being of older women regardless of age and household size.
This research was conducted at the Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture (Family Economics
Research Group), Hyattsville, MD, July 1992, where Dr. Kivett was a Visiting Scientist at the time. Appreciation is expressed
to the staff of the Family Economics Research Group for their technical assistance at all stages of the research.
and 1992 Visiting Professor at the Family Economics Research Group, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Her current research interests include the family supports and relationships of older retired migrants. She received her Ph.D.
from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
Her current research interests include the economic status of elderly American households. She received her Ph.D. from the
University of Maryland. |
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Keywords: | consumer expenditures economic well-being elderly older women |
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