思维和学习领域中的元认知研究

元认知是个体对自己的认知加工过程的自我觉察、自我评价和自我调节.一系列研究表明元认知在概念形成、演绎推理、顿悟以及问题解决中都起着非常重要的作用;在学习领域所进行的一系列有关思维策略与元认知训练的对比实验,也进一步证实了进行元认知训练的可行性和必要性.在此基础上,笔者提出了有利于元认知能力发展的"策略性知识六阶段课堂教学模式",并对元学习能力做了深入探讨.

Studies about Metacognition in Thinking and Learning

Metacognition is self awareness, self evaluation and self regulation to processes of cognition. A series of studies suggested that metacognition plays a important role in concept formation, deductive reasoning and resolving insight problem, and a series of contradistinctive experiments about training of strategies and metacognition in process of learning, confirmed the feasibility and essentiality of training of metacognition. On the bases, this article presented the theory of"the six phases of teaching learning model of strategic knowledge"and analysed the ability of metalearning.