高标准农田建设实践与粮食安全保障路径

高标准农田建设是保障粮食安全的重要举措。从地方实践来看，保障粮食安全的高标准农田建设形成了多元导向思路，包括土地流转导向、基础设施建设导向和土地细碎化治理导向。基于对不同建设思路的比较，发现土地细碎化治理导向的高标准农田建设产生了较强的经营激励,是具有较强复制性和基层适应性的粮食安全保障路径。以土地细碎化治理为导向建设高标准农田的关键是构建有效的管理体制和治理机制。安徽省T县的高标准农田建设实践表明，统分结合的高标准农田建设管理体制与行政赋能的村级民主治理机制有助于推动土地细碎化治理导向的高标准农田建设。在管理体制层面，统分结合体现为县级政府统筹与多部门联合工作机制以及县级主管部门赋权基层组织的“双业主”管理模式；在实践运作层面，村级民主治理机制呈现为全过程民主治理，包括社会动员、民主协商和权力社会化3个环节。土地细碎化治理导向的高标准农田建设有利于保证粮食生产稳定性、提高土地利用效率以及增强粮食生产能力，对于保障粮食安全具有重要意义。

Construction Practiceof High-Standard Farmland and Supportability Route of Food Security

The construction of high-standard farmland is an important measure to ensure food security. From the perspective of local practice, the construction of high-standard farmland to ensure food security has formed multi-oriented ideas—oriented ideas on land transfer, infrastructure and land fragmentation management. Comparison made on different construction ideas found that the high-standard farmland construction oriented by land fragmentation governance is a way with strong replication and grassroots adaptability, and forms a food security guarantee path for management incentives; and the key is to build an effective management system and governance mechanism. The practice in T County of Anhui Province shows that the combined management system of high-standard farmland construction and the village-level democratic governance mechanism of administrative enablement are helpful to promote the high-standard farmland construction oriented by land fragmentation. At the level of management system, the combination of unification and division is reflected in the county-level government coordination and multi-department joint working mechanism, and the ″double owner″ management mode in which the county-level authorities empower grassroots organizations. At the practical operation level, the village-level democratic governance mechanism presents a whole process democracy, including social mobilization, democratic consultation and power socialization. The construction of high-standard farmland guided by land fragmentation governance has played a role in ensuring food security, and has policy value under the food security strategy.