美、苏两种传统的民族生态学之比较——“民族生态学理论与方法研究”之二

本文从理论渊源、研究对象、研究方法和学术影响上对美、苏两种传统的民族生态学进行了比较,认为两者虽然都诞生于民族学或人类学界内部,从事研究的也主要都是人类学家或民族学家,但却有着较大区别。两者之间的根本差别在于前缀ethno-意义的区别。苏联/俄罗斯的ethno-ecology前缀ethno-仅表示着与民族(ethnos)相关,而并不像美国的ethno-ecology前缀ethno-,其意思乃是文化持有者的内部眼界,是一种主位的对人与环境相互关系的研究。

A Comparative Study on Ethno-ecologies from U.S.A. and Soviet Union/Russia

In this paper,the author compared ethno-ecology from U.S.tradition with one from Soviet Union/Russia based on their theory origins,research objectives,research methods and academic influence.Thus makes Condusion that although the ethno-ecologies were born within anthropology or ethnology,and who did the researches were mainly anthropologists or ethnologists,they had great differences.The fundamental difference was the difference of meaning of prefix ethno-.The prefix ethno- within Soviet Union/Russian ethno...