试论晚清汉学与宋学之关系

汉学与宋学皆为传统儒学的重要派别。清朝前中期是汉学鼎盛的时代。但自嘉道中期以后 ,传统汉学发生急剧变化 ,乾嘉以来一枝独秀的学术格局被打破 ,代之以宋学、汉学相与争鸣以及汉宋调和的局面。在乾嘉时期 ,作为学术潜流的宋学浮出水面 ,出现新的转机和发展趋势 ,并由衰渐兴。居主流地位的学术思潮被另一种学术思潮所取代 ,取决于诸多社会环境和学术因素的交互影响。其中既有学术文化的内在演进轨迹与自我流变线路 ,也有社会客观环境变迁和学者们学术思维方式转变等外在影响。汉学在晚清的没落与宋学的复苏 ,正是上述诸因素综合作用的结果。

Discussion on the relationship between scholarships of Han and Song in the late Qing dynasty

The scholarship of Han and Song were both important schools in the traditional Confucian scholarship.Its prosperous period was the previous middle period of Qing dynasty.But since the middle of Jia and Dao times,a dramatic change occurred to traditional scholarship of Han,its dominant position was broken and the new situation was Song argued with Han.Finally Han and Song conciliated. The scholarship of Song rose in Qian and Jia times,and was given a new opportunity and tendency and transformation from decline to blossom.The dominant academic position being replaced was determined by the interaction between social circumstance and scholarship factors.It was the above factors that led to the decline of scholarship of Han and the blossom of Song in the late Qing dynasty.