民国初年政党的离合及其影响

近代中国人对于政党和政党政治的认识是从政党和朋党的比较开始的。晚清统治者出于稳定政治的需要 ,面对当时各政治派别发展政党政治的要求 ,颁发了开放党禁的谕旨 ,开放党禁 ,使政党在中国的地位得到确认。随着中华民国的建立 ,推进民主政治的高潮迭现 ,从 1 91 1年至 1 91 4年 ,全国公开的各种党会达 6 82个。关注中国未来发展的时代精英 ,不得不思虑怎样的政党才适合中国 ,选择什么样的政党体制 ,才能推动中国社会的前进 ,实现中国的近代化。民初的政党离合对梁启超、孙中山、袁世凯都产生过直接的影响 ,影响他们对政党政治作用的认识和政治道路的选择。

A Study of the Influence of the Political Parties' Separation and Unification in the Early National Republic Period

People's awareness of the concept of political party started with their comparison and contrast between the political party and other political groups in the modern times. In the late Qing Dynasty, an imperial edict was issued under the pressure from the various political groups officially allowing the establishment of political parties for political stability. Since the founding of the National Republic, there occurred an upsurge of democratic politics, and the number of political parties reached six hundred and eighty_two from 1911 to 1914. In such a setting, the Chinese elites begun to think of the type of political party suitable for China's modernization process. The political parties' separation and unification in the early National Republic period produced great influence on Liang Qi_chao, Sun Yat_sen and Yuan Shi_kai in their recognition of the role of party politics and their choice of pursuing a political career.