市场化、政治价值观与中国居民的政府信任

本文利用CGSS2010的数据，考察市场化背景下中国居民政治价值观的变化及其对政府信任的影响。研究发现：第一，随着市场化的推进，居民权威主义的政治价值观明显趋于弱化，但民主主义的政治价值观没有统计上的显著变化；第二，中国居民政府信任水平的东、中、西区域差异显著，市场化进程与居民政府信任水平呈线性递减关系；第三，权威主义的政治价值观对居民的政府信任水平有促进作用，但这种正向影响会随着市场化进程愈发弱化，而民主主义的政治价值观对居民的政府信任水平不具有统计上的显著影响。文章最后指出，中国居民当前的政治价值观可能正处于过渡期，这种“过渡型”政治价值观既包含对传统权威主义的高度认同，也隐含现代民主主义精神。此外，在市场化改革背景下，理性思维日益占据主导地位，因此，提升政府信任的最直接途径可能还在于提高政府工作绩效。

Marketization,Political Values,and Chinese Residents’ Trust in Government

The marketization causes not only economic development，but also the change of residents’political attitude.This paper uses the data from CGSS2010，based on the multi level models，to examine the change of Chinese residents’political values and its influence on their trust in government under the background of marketization.It finds first，the authoritarian political values are weakening obviously，but the democratic political values are not increasing greatly. Second，residents’ trust in government shows regional differences and there is a linear decreasing relationship between the levels of marketization and the trust in government.Third，it shows the authoritarian political values can prompt residents’ trust in government，but it will be weakened as the marketization process going on and the influences of democratic political values are not evident.This paper points out that the current residents’ political values may be experiencing a transition，namely from “authoritarism” to “democratism”.This “transitional” political value is different from the liberal and democratic consciousness of western developed countries，as it not only highly recognizes the traditional authoritarian，but also implies the modern democratic spirits.In other words，the modern factors produced by marketization reform have merged gradually into the core political value in Chinese tradition and have formed a bicultural political tendency constituted by tradition and modernity.It is the actual political value that exists in current China.Furthermore，rational thoughts have taken up a lead under the marketization reform.So the most direct way to enhance people’s trust in government maybe is to transfer the governmental functions and improve their work performance.