论“德古”解决纠纷影响力的减弱

德古是彝族社会纠纷解决的决定性力量。德古是彝族社会的世俗权威，熟悉彝族习惯法和判例，并以家支为其依靠力量。但是在民主改革后，家支和习惯法的影响力在减弱，随着彝人对外交往的加强，彝人的观念与行动都发生了深刻的变化，中央政府政令在彝区的通达使得彝人拥有更多的政治、经济、文化上的自由和选择，德古在彝区解决纠纷的影响力逐渐减弱。现在有的地方把一部分德古吸收进调解员和陪审员队伍，他们同法官一起解决彝人之间的纠纷，但德古不具有国家工作人员身份，解决案件要受法官的指导，更多适用国家法结案，并且无形中在德古中划分了等级，使得德古的处境更加尴尬。

The Weakening of "Degu"s Influence on Dispute Solution

Degu is a decisive factor to solve social dispute among the Yi people. It is the secular authority of the Yi nationality, familiar with the customary law and cases of the Yi, and supported by the lineage. However, after the democratic reform, the influence of lineage and customary law has been weakened. With more contact with the outside, the ideas and actions of the Yi people have experienced profound changes. The popularity of the policies by the central government in the Yi areas provides the Yi people more freedom and selection politi- cally, economically and culturally. As a consequence, the influence of Degu for the solution to dispute in the Yi areas has been weakened gradually. Now in some places Degus have been absorbed into and become mediators and jurors. They, together with judges, solve dispute in the Yi areas, but they have no national staff identity. Consequently, they have to be directed by judges, and more frequently the disputes are closed in line with state laws. This has unconsciously produced grades among the Degus, and made the situation more embarrassing forDegu.