论财产权的环境保护功能

应对环境问题,我国习惯运用命令控制式的管制手段,而对财产权制度则不够重视。实际上,没有财产权、产权不明或行使不当是产生环境问题的重要原因,所以解决环境问题必须有效运用财产权制度。在污染防治法领域,排污权交易和环境合同等制度都充分运用财产权原理来控制环境污染。在自然资源法领域,财产权可以明晰资源产权归属、解决“公地悲剧”、提高资源利用效率等以此来保护自然资源和生态环境。当然,财产权制度也有其局限性,因此,解决环境问题需要多种法律手段的综合运用。

On Environmental Protection Function of Property Right

The conventional countermeasure against environmental problems in China is to issue administrative orders without paying enough attention to property right.Actually,property right and the exercise of property are the major elements of environmental problems.The solution of environmental problems calls for efficient property right system.The paper analyzes the application of property right in the field of pollution prevention law and natural resources law.Because of the limitations of property right,the solution of environmental problems needs multiple legal approaches.