晚清西学东渐过程中的价值取向

晚清输入西学的主体为传教士及其他来华外国人及相关机构、清政府官办机构、中国民间知识分子及民办机构,这三类机构与人物,由于其立场、出发点有别,重点活动时期不一样,因而输入西学的价值取向有明显不同.官办机构输入西学有强烈的为用而译、急用先译的功利主义倾向,重应用技术,轻基础知识,重自然科学,轻人文社会科学,其缺陷由传教士及其他来华外国人及相关机构作了弥补,这是传教士在十九世纪末中国上层社会能发生重要影响的原因.官办机构中的译员,在一定程度上也会影响西学传播的内容,但比较有限.庚子事变以后,中国民间资本在输入西学方面发挥了极其重要的作用,官办机构、传教士机构均相形见绌.

Value Orientation in the Process of West Learning Spreading to the East in Late Qing Dynasty

In late Qing dynasty,three groups played main roles in spreading west learing,that is,foreign missonary,other foreigners and related institutions;official institutions; Chinese folk intelluctuals and private instituions. These three institutions and groups,because of different standpoints and different activity periods,were quite different in their value orientations of spreading west learing. The paper argues that there was a unitalitaran preference in official institutions whose interpretation work was fo...