建筑垃圾资源化利用实证研究

鉴于日益严峻的垃圾围城现象，以西咸北环线高速公路建设工程为依托，调研了该项目的企业用地、所缴纳税额、建筑垃圾原料来源等内容，对建筑垃圾综合利用的应用政策、应用技术、典型示范效应的现状和存在问题进行分析，讨论了依托工程在项目管理、建厂成本、企业免税、原材料获取、运输成本、社会认知度方面的相关政策。研究认为，应借鉴国内外比较全面系统的建筑垃圾分类管理办法，制定国家层面的法律法规体系，规范建筑垃圾的资源化利用；省市层面要根据各地实际，合理规划布局并支持建筑垃圾综合利用；国家和地方管理部门应建立建筑垃圾综合利用的行业标准并参与到政府循环经济发展规划中；还可以通过政策支持、税收优惠、支持技术研发等方式，以管理带动建筑垃圾资源化利用事业的发展。

Empirical research on the reclamation of construction waste

In view of the increasingly serious phenomenon of rubbish siege, this paper investigated the enterprise land, tax paid, and construction waste sources of the project based on the construction of the Xi’an Xianyang Northern Circuit. It analyzed the current situation and existing problems about the construction waste from the perspectives of comprehensive reclamation application policy, application technology, and typical demonstration effect. Meanwhile, it also discussed the relevant policies of project management, construction cost, enterprise tax exemption, raw material acquisition, transportation cost and social cognition relying on the project. The results show that the nation should draw lessons from the comprehensive system of construction waste classification management method at home and abroad, formulate laws and regulations system at the national level and standardize the reclamation of construction waste. According to local conditions, provincial and municipal levels should rationally plan the layout and support the comprehensive reclamation of construction waste. National and local management departments also should establish the principles for comprehensive reclamation of construction waste and participate in the government circular economy development planning, can make use of management approaches, such as policy support, tax preference, and technology research encouragement, to promote the development of construction waste reclamation.