公众参与生态文明建设的法律问题探究

生态文明建设关系民族发展、国家未来以及公民切身利益，需要社会各方力量的积极参与和全面配合。当前，我国正处于生态文明建设的关键时期，除了宏观层面要发挥政府的指导性作用和社会的协调性作用外，微观层面还需充分调动公众的参与作用。公众参与生态文明建设，不但能强化对生态文明建设的监督和辅助作用，还有利于维护公众生态利益，促进政府决策的科学化和合理化。但是，我国公众参与制度正逐渐陷入困境，法律上的缺失是导致公众参与制度不完善的重要因素。就我国公众参与生态文明建设制度而言，在公众知情权、参与决策权、救济机制、参与意识等方面存在诸多缺陷。要为生态文明建设公众参与机制的完善提供法律保障，可以通过“生态文明”入宪与制定《生态文明建设促进法》、完善公众知情权和参与决策权、健全公众参与救济机制、提高公众参与法制意识等措施，促使公众合法、积极、有序地参与到生态文明建设中。

A Study on Legislation on Public Participation in Ecological Development in China

Ecological development is important for national development and interests of citizens, requiring governmental guidance, social efforts and active participation of the public. The pubic can supervise the ecological development and protect their interests so as to promote sound decision of government. However, most of the public don't have access to ecological development in China due to the lack of legislation on ensuring public participation. We need to make the right to know, the right to decide and the relief mechanism more accessible to the public, which requires legal protection. We may make efforts to introduce ecological development into the constitution, to formulate law on ecological development, to ensure the right to know, the right to decide and relief mechanism, and to enhance people's awareness to participate, so that the public can actively and orderly participate in ecological development.