辽代射柳活动考述

辽代射柳活动是我国古代北方少数民族体育重要组成部分，形成演变受到多元文化因素影响。采用文献资料法和考古材料分析，对契丹射柳活动内涵进行研究，得出其具有一套完备的活动仪式，举行时间以4-6月为主，场所则不固定，视仪式活动内容而定；举行目的除祈雨外，还涉及祭祀、狩猎、竞技比赛、宴饮等方面；在射柳用具的选择上则有弓射和弩射之分，铁镞的选用以横镞箭为标准，既反映契丹族骑射军事水平的高超，也体现了射柳活动具有多元性和传承性的特征。

On the Activity of the Khitans Sheliu

The physical activity of the Khitans’ sheliu is an important part of the physical education of the minority nationality in the north of China, and its formation and evolution are influenced by multiple sports culture factors. The paper aims to explore the connotation of Khitan Sheliu Sports by using literature materials and archaeological material analysis. It concludes that the sport has a complete set of activities, the holding time being mainly from April to June, and the places of Sheliu being not fixed subject to the content of the ceremony activities. In addition to praying for rain, it also serves for the sacrifice, the hunting, the sports competition, feast and so on. As to the selection of shooting willow tools there are bow shooting and crossbow shooting points, horizontal arrows being the standard of iron arrowheads. It reflects not only the craftsmanship of Khitan ’s riding and shooting, but also the diversity and heredity of Sheliu activity