共享单车发展问题系统探究

共享单车是近年来兴起的新交通方式和新业态，但在快速增长的同时产生了各种需要解决的问题，通过对共享单车发展过程的梳理，分析了共享单车的本质属性。研究认为，在经济属性上，共享单车是商业性交通服务，不属于共享经济；在交通功能上，共享单车具有提高大众出行便利程度和降低交通污染排放双重功能；在综合效应上，共享单车引发城市交通结构变化和自行车行业结构性反应；共享单车在快速发展中遇到两种性质的问题:一是乱停放导致市容混乱，城市管理难度加大，二是私藏车辆独占使用和高损耗导致共享失灵；站在共享发展和改善民生的立场来看，应该通过政府和企业合作来解决的共享单车发展中遇到的问题，充分发挥共享单车改善交通的功能；政府应制定规范，加强监管，提高大众道德法律素质，为共享单车创造发展和竞争的环境；共享单车企业应不断改进技术和管理，提高服务水平，促使共享单车可持续发展。

Systematic research on Bicycle-sharing development

Bicycle-sharing service is a new traffic mode and a new industrial format in recent years. However, there are various problems with its rapid growth, which need to be solved. Through reviewing the development process of bicycle-sharing service, this paper analyzed the essential attribute of bicycle-sharing service. The results show that bicycle-sharing service is a commercial traffic service, which not belongs to the sharing economy in the economic attribute; in the traffic function, bicycle-sharing service has the dual functions of improving the public travel convenience and reducing the traffic pollution discharge; in the comprehensive effect, bicycle-sharing service triggers the change of urban transport structure and structural response of bicycle industry. However, there are two problems in the rapid development of bicycle-sharing service: first, randomly-parked bicycles spoil city appearance, making urban management more difficult; second, exclusive use and high loss of shared bicycles cause the failure of sharing service. In the view of sharing development and improvement of people’s livelihood, government and enterprise should cooperate with each other to solve the problems in the development of bicycle-sharing service and give full play to improve traffic; government should formulate norms, strengthen supervision and improve the moral and legal quality of the public, creating a development and competition environment for bicycle-sharing service; bicycle-sharing enterprise should improve technology, management and service level to promote its sustainable development.