从“百花齐放、百家争鸣”到“鸣放”的历史考察

1956年4月"双百"方针作为新中国文化方针被正式提出。1957年初,毛泽东力主"放",并从治国理政的高度赋予其新的政治功能。在随后的整风运动中,"双百"简称为"鸣放",得到进一步的提倡。整风转向反右后,"鸣放"虽在,"双百"方针却难再继。从历史发展的纵向角度看,"鸣放"不仅仅是"双百"的缩略语,其中包含着"双百"方针的发展轨迹和反右后名存实亡的内在逻辑。

Historical Study From The Policy Of "Letting A Hundred Flowers Bloom, A Hundred Schools Of Thought Contend" To "Airing Of Views"

In April,1956,the policy of"shuang bai"as Chinese cultural policy was set forth.At the beginning of 1957,Mao Zedong advocated strongly the policy of "letting people to speak free" and expounded a new political function from the highlevel of administering the country.During followingRectification movement,"shuang bai" was called "airing views" and was encouraged.After Rectification movement turning to the Anti-Rightist Struggle,"airing views"was kept up still,while it is hard for the policy of"shuang bai" to be carried out really.As view of the longitudinal development of history,"airing views" was not the abbreviation of "shuang bai" only,but also contained the developing track of"shuang bai" policy and its inner logic which existed in name after the Anti-Rightist Struggle.