国际碳减排合作公平性问题研究

公平性是国际碳减排合作的核心原则之一,也是发展中国家积极参与碳减排合作的关键。然而,发达国家与发展中国家以及不同学者之间对各种碳减排合作公平性问题的立场,存在较大的分歧。当前,减排的公平性主要体现在历史排放、人均排放、减排能力、贸易的碳排放转移以及谈判程序五个维度上,一个能够被各国尤其是发展中国家广泛接受的国际碳减排合作框架必须充分考虑这五个公平性问题。当前国际碳减排合作进展艰难,发展中国家提出的诸多公平性诉求还未得到充分重视和体现,南北方国家的公平立场迫切需要进一步的协调。

A Study of Fairness in International Cooperation in Carbon Reduction

Fairness is one of the core principles in international cooperation in carbon reduction(CR) and the key to success in proactive participation of developing countries in CR cooperation.However,different opinions on fairness in CR cooperation exist among developed countries and developing counties as well as among scholars of different backgrounds.Debates on CR fairness center around five dimensions,i.e.historical emission,emission per capita,CR capacity,transfer of emission through trade and negotiation procedure.It is imperative that these five aspects be taken into full consideration if we are to come up with a framework on CR cooperation that is well received by all,especially developing,countries.At present progress is slow in international CR cooperation and many of the appeals from developing countries for fairness have not been given due attention.It is argued that opinions of countries from both the North and the South on fairness in CR cooperation must be negotiated and coordinated.