论违法性认识之必要

东西方刑法理论的文化思维虽有所不同，但东西方犯罪构成体系大体相同，从刑法保障人权机能的本源来看，刑事归责的最终归宿均应是“责任主义”。在对行为人进行责难或否定性评价时，考虑违法性认识这一主观要素，是责任主义确保刑法保障人权机制得以实现的重要保障，也符合责任主义保障人权不受肆意侵犯的根本宗旨。虽然违法性认识或违法性认识可能性在我国的犯罪构成体系中暂无确切地位，但为了更好地贯彻罪责刑相适应原则，我国犯罪体系也有必要引进违法性认识这一犯罪构成要素。在德日刑法中，违法性认识是独立的责任要素，是故意犯或过失犯必须同时具备的。结合我国犯罪构成体系的内容，把其归入我国犯罪构成的主观方面较为合理。

Necessary of Theory of Illegality Cognition

No matter what is the difference of the cultural thinking between the eastern and the west-ern criminal law theory and no matter how wide divergence is the system of crime constitution between them,the final destination of criminal liability shall be the responsibility doctrine from the perspective of the nature of the function of the criminal law safeguarding human rights.On censuring or denying the perpetrator by criminal law,we should take such subjective elements as the illegality cognition into consideration,which can ensure to realizing the function of the criminal law safeguarding human rights in responsibility doctrine,and meanwhile it can also accord with the fundamental purpose of the hu-man rights not being infringed arbitrarily in responsibility doctrine.Although it still has not specific position about the illegality cognition or the possibility of illegality cognition in the system of crime constitution in our country,in order to well implement the principle of the suiting punishment to crime,it is necessary to introduce the illegality cognition elements from the German and the Japanese. In German and Japanese criminal theory,the illegality cognition is the independent responsibility ele-ments,which exists in intentional crime as well as in negligence crime.So combing with the content of the system of crime constitution in our country,the illegality cognition should be classified into the subjective elements of crime in the crime constitution.