有限需求信息下基于回购契约的供应链鲁棒协调策略

研究了仅知需求均值和区间信息条件下，基于最小最大后悔值准则的供应链回购契约协调问题。针对未知需求具体分布形式的两级供应链系统，在回购契约框架下，建立了以鲁棒决策和最优决策下的供应链及其成员绩效之差为目标函数的供应链协调模型。在仅知需求区间和均值信息条件下，采用鲁棒优化方法求解了最小最大后悔值准则下的集成供应链鲁棒订货策略和分散供应链鲁棒契约协调策略及其绩效偏差。分析了不同服务水平和契约参数条件下，由于信息缺失而未能实现最优运作的供应链及其成员绩效损失情况。最后，进行了数值计算，验证了通过鲁棒优化方法得到的供应链回购契约协调策略的鲁棒性和有效性。结果表明，基于回购契约的供应链鲁棒协调策略能够有效抑制需求不确定性对系统及其成员运作绩效的影响，同仅知需求区间信息相比，额外获得需求均值信息能够有效改进供应链运作绩效。

The Supply Chain Robust Coordination Strategy Based on Buy-back Contract Under Limited Demand Information

Robust coordination with buyback contract for a supply chain with only knowing demand mean and interval based on minimax regret criterion is studied. Under the framework of buyback contract, a supply chain coordination model for a two-stage supply chain system with unknown detailed demand distribution is developed by using the performances of supply chain system and its members under optimal decision minus which under robust decision as the objective functions. Under the condition of only knowing demand interval and mean, the robust order policy of integrated supply chain, together with the robust contract coordination policy of decentralized one and the deviations of their performances based on minimax regret criterion are proposed by using robust optimization technology. Furthermore, regrets of supply chain system and its members who do not operating optimally for information lacking are analyzed under different service level and contract parameters. At last, numerical calculation are carried out to verify the robustness and effectiveness of supply chain buyback contract coordination strategy obtained by robust optimization. The results show that supply chain robust coordination strategy based on buyback contract can reduce the impact of demand uncertainty on the performance of supply chain system and its members effectively. Specially, compared to only knowing demand interval, obtaining additional information about mean value can improve the operational performance of supply chain.