基于混合流水作业组织的集装箱码头装卸作业集成调度优化

集装箱码头集疏运资源调度的对象是由岸桥、集卡、场桥所构成的多阶段一体化的集装箱装、卸、运操作系统，将该系统的调度优化基于多阶段混合流水线调度问题建立混合整数规划模型，同时考虑集装箱码头现实作业中预定义顺序、避免岸桥交叉作业、以及取决于作业顺序的切换时间等现实约束，针对问题自身的特点设计了两阶段启发式算法，得出各阶段设备的指派结果及作业顺序。通过与基于现行调度规则的调度方案以及与目标函数理论下界值的对比实验，显示了所提出的集成调度模型及求解算法能够有效降低船舶在港时间并实现集卡资源的共享，为集装箱码头集疏运资源的集成调度提供了新的思路。

Optimization of Container Loading/unloading Integrated Scheduling in a Container Terminal Based on Hybrid Flowshop

The research object of the container terminal collection and distribution resource scheduling is a multi-stage integrated operating system including loading, unloading and transporting containers, consisting of quay-cranes, container trucks and yard-cranes. The scheduling of the system is optimized based on the multi-stage hybrid flow shop scheduling to establish an integer programming model, taking into account the practical constraints of realistic jobs in the container terminal such as pre-defined sequence of operations, avoiding cross-operation and sequence-depended setup time and so on. A two-phase heuristic algorithm is designed for the problem according to the characteristics of itself, getting each equipment's assigning result and operating sequence in each stage. The comparative experiment, by comparing the optimal results with the scheduling scheme based on current scheduling rules and the theoretical lower bound of the objective function, shows the proposed integrated scheduling model and solution algorithm can effectively reduce the time of vessels in the harbor and realize the sharing of container trucks. This study provides a new method for integrated scheduling of container terminals.