实体判决要件与行诉受案范围规定之反思——从相关司法解释说开去

2000年以来最高人民法院的司法解释中把一些不属于受案范围的问题作为受案范围予以规定，混淆了受案范围与其他受理条件乃至本案审理内容的区别，使“受案范围”承受了不能承受之重，加剧了行政诉讼立案难。今后在修改《行政诉讼法》和制定相关司法解释的过程中，应借鉴域外实体判决要件制度的经验，厘清受案范围的范畴，删除不恰当的否定性列举，简化受案范围条款；降低起诉“门槛”，弱化受案范围条款的权力界限划分功能；增设“一般权利保护必要”或“狭义诉讼利益”审查环节，以防止司法资源被滥用。

Substantive judge conditions and reflections on the judicial interpretations of the scope of accepting cases of administrative litigation

Since the year of 2000, the Supreme People＇s Court has formulated a number of terms on the scope of accepting cases of administrative litigation which should not be formulated within the scope in its judicial interpretations. These terms don＇t distinguish between the scope of accepting cases and other conditions for admissibility as well as trial on merits, thus increasing the difficulty to place cases on file for trial. We should learn from the institution of substantive judge conditions which is adopted in German, Japan and Taiwan. First, we should remove those inappropriate negative lists and simplify the terms on the scope of accepting cases of administrative litigation; Second, we should lower the suit＇s ＂threshold＂ and weaken its function, and divide the boundary between judicial power and administrative power; Finally, we should increase an investigating procedure on substantive judge conditions or litigation interests narrowly def＇med so as to prevent the abuse of judicial resources.