语言的焦虑——卡夫卡小说《变形记》主题新探

人们普遍认为《变形记》表现了人类的异化，但其实《变形记》还暗含有一种更深的意蕴：人类需要语言来相互沟通，而已经变成甲虫的主人公格里高尔却失落了人类的语言，无法与他人沟通，最后在孤独中死去。因此卡夫卡在《变形记》中实际上还表现了一个具有现代性和哲理意味的主题：语言的焦虑。而主人公异化为甲虫则使得读者能够转换一种新的体验角度，从而更真切地体会那种语言的焦虑及其折射出的人类的沟通困境。

Anxiety of the Language: Another Interpretation of the Theme of Franz Kafka's The Metamorphosis

It is generally agreed that Franz Kafka＇ s The Metamorphosis （1915） describes the alienation of human beings. The story implies, however, more things： language is indispensable to human communication, but Gregor Samsa, the protagonist, awoke one morning to find himself transformed into a ＂monstrous vermin＂ ; having lost his language and failed to communicate, he finally died in loneliness. The story has, therefore, revealed a theme of modernity and philosophy-the anxiety of the language. The transformation of the protagonist into a vermin also enables the readers to change their perspectives to experience the anxiety and men＇ s predicament of communication resulted therefrom.