家庭教育权在预防未成年人沉迷网络行为中的实现路径

针对当下未成年人沉迷网络问题，新近实施的《家庭教育促进法》第二十二条作出了立法回应。家庭教育权在预防未成年人沉迷网络行为中的正确实施，需要在责任主体范围、特殊未成年人群体保护、“应当合理安排”下未成年人学习权与休息权平衡、网络监管法律责任厘定等方面予以明确。针对这一问题，要把“网络”作为确定“其他监护人”范围的重要考量因素，强化家庭对特殊未成年人群体的网络监管力度，尊重并保障未成年人的学习权与休息权，探寻国家外部强制与家庭内部自治之间的动态平衡。在《家庭教育促进法》第二十二条规则的具体适用上，建议明确“其他监护人”的范围，建立特殊未成年人群体家庭教育分类指导制度，构建“合理安排”的量化标准，细化不履行家庭网络监管职责的相关责任规定，在法治轨道上推动家庭教育权在预防未成年人沉迷网络行为中发挥积极作用。 

Realization Path of Family Education Rights in Preventing Minors’ Addiction to InternetCentered on Article 22 of Law of the People’s Republic of China on Family Education Promotion

The newly implemented Article 22 of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Family Education Promotion is a legislative response to the problem of minors’ addiction to the Internet. The correct implementation of the right to family education in preventing minors from indulging in Internet behavior needs to be made clear in the scope of responsibility subject, the protection of special groups of minors, the balance between minors’ right to learn and the right to rest under “should be reasonably arranged”, and the determination of legal responsibility for network supervision. In the analysis of the problem, it is necessary to take “network” as an important consideration in determining the scope of “other guardians”, strengthen the family’s Internet supervision over special minors, respect and guarantee minors’ rights to study and rest, and explore the dynamic balance between the country’s external compulsion and the family’s internal autonomy. In the specific application of the rules of Article 22 of the Family Education Promotion Law, it is recommended to clarify the scope of “other guardians”, establish a classified guidance system for family education of special minor groups, construct quantitative standards for “reasonable arrangements”, and refine the liability provisions for the failure to fulfill the duty of family network supervision. Finally, the right to family education can play an active role in preventing minors from being addicted to the Internet on the track of the rule of law through the implementation of the above measures.