支持哈尼梯田存续千年的家庭经济模式

家庭的经济功能是其他各种社会功能得以发挥的基础.文章通过对哈尼稻作梯田农业文化遗产系统中家庭经济的分析,指出在传统哈尼族社会中,家庭的经济实际上是一种自给自足的小农经济.这种经济模式下,农户家庭通过多样性的生计,尽量提高农业生产的产出价值；同时,通过家庭内部和家庭间生产与消费的平衡,在一个较低的水平上维持了社会经济的自我运行.农业经济的维持是哈尼梯田系统的景观结构与民族社会存续千年的根本保障.在自然与社会都发生巨大变化的今天,哈尼梯田作为遗产应当更为强调其传统意义上经济模式和文化体系的保护、维持与发展.

The Smallholder Economy for the Hani Rice Terraces Sustaining Millennium

The cconomic function of family is the backbone of other social functions, especially in the rural areas. This paper analyzed this economic function in Hani Rice Terrace Agricultural Heritage systems, and found that family economic system is a model of the smallholder economy. Based on local various livelihoods, the smallholders would improve the value of the agricultural output. Moreover, it achieves the social and economic sustainable development in a relatively low level by the balance of production and consumption. It is the agriculture economic stability that guarantees the maintainability of landscape structure and the existence of local society in Hani Terrace System for a thousand years. At present, huge change of nature and society occurs. Thus, as agricultural heritage, the smallholder should play more roles in protecting, maintai- ning and developing local economic model and unique culture system.