唐代仆固部世系考——以蒙古国新出仆固氏墓志铭为中心

新近在蒙古国乌兰巴托西北土拉河东岸出土的汉文《仆固氏墓志铭》,保存完好,内容重要,有助于厘清史书记载十分模糊的回鹘"外九部"之一仆固部的世系问题。关于该部世系,两《唐书》仅列出三世,即歌滥拔延→乙李啜拔→仆固怀恩,而且张冠李戴,混乱不清。根据墓志,结合史书的相关记载进行排比,可知应历九世,即歌滥拔延→思匐→乙突→佚名→设支→曳勒歌→勺磨→乙李啜拔→仆固怀恩。仆固怀恩生年,史书虽未载,但依据新出墓志及有关史料,可推定在716～718年之间。

A genealogical study on Pugu Tribe of Tang Dynasty:focused on the Pugus epitaph newly found in Mongol

The well-preserved "Pugus epitaph" recently unearthed on the eastern bank of the Tula River,west of Ulan Bator,Mongol,contributes to clarify the lineage of Pugu tribe for its key contents.The Pugu tribe was one of the nine outer tribes of Uyghur,which was not recorded so clearly in historical books.There were only three descents listed in the two Tang Annals:Gelanbayan-Yiliduoba-Puguhuaien;and even this was fault.According to the epitaph and related historical recordings,there should be nine descents:Gelanbayan-Sifu-Yitu-Yiming-Shezhi-Yeleige-Shaomo-Yiliduoba-Puguhuaien.There is a strong presumption that Puguhuaiens birth day is between 716 and 718 according to the epitaph and related materials,though the annals did not recorded it.