浅析亨廷顿与福山政治发展观的差异

亨廷顿和福山都是西方政治发展理论的领军人物，但两者在理论渊源、政治发展目标、政治发展终极结果、评判标准以及发展动力上各有不同。亨廷顿从发展中国家现实出发，前期强调政治秩序与稳定，提出权威政治观，后期则强调民主与文化的重要性。福山从世界普遍史出发，认为西方自由民主制度是人类最后一种政府形式，自由民主下的典型公民则是“历史最后之人”，后期在理论修正基础上提出了国家能力与政治秩序的构建。

Differences between Huntington and Fukuyama in Political Development Theory

Though they both are representative leaders of western political development theory, Hunting- ton and Fukuyama differ from each other in the origin of their theories, and in the goals, result, evaluation standard and motive force of their theory of political development. As regards Huntington, he advances his authority politics in respect to the reality in developing countries, highlighting political order and stability in the early stage and emphasizing the importance of democracy and culture in the late stage. Fukuyama, on the other hand, develops his theory of political development from the perspective of general history of the world. He believes that western liberal democracy is the final form of human government, and the typ- ical citizens under liberal democracy are the last men. Later on, he rectifies his theory and puts forward the construction of national capacity and political order.