季敬姜“知礼”与周礼在鲁的嬗迁

季敬姜是春秋后期慈母的典范,孔子以＂知礼＂誉之。她对周礼的深刻体认和循礼而动的自觉意识,与鲁国深厚的礼乐传统暗自契合。身处宗法制逐渐解体和周礼日益失守的乱世,季敬姜期望通过对下一代实施严格的礼治教育以延续周礼的辉煌,但终于失望。季敬姜对儿子公父文伯进行的礼治教育的失败,可谓周礼在鲁国落幕的一个象征。季敬姜对周礼的理解和践行因其所处的时代和所在的国度及特殊的身份而具有特别的意义。透过她及其子公父文伯对的＂礼＂的不同反应,可以观察周礼在春秋后期的历史命运,并进而理解春秋战国之际的社会巨变。

Ji Jingjiang's"Knowing the Courtesies"and the Change of Zhouli in the Lu State

Ji Jingjiang was a model loving mother in the Lu State in the Spring and Autumn Period.She was famous for＂knowing the courtesies＂.She profoundly realized and followed the aware consciousness to the Zhouli which the ritual but moves,agreed with secretly with the Lu country deep ritual music tradition.Ji Jingjiang knew the Zhouli had been despised by more and more people in the tumultuous times,so she expected resume the authority of Zhouli through strict ritual education to the next generation.But she was disappointed finally.Her son,Gongfu Wenbo couldint understand the signification of Zhouli,symbolizing the Decline of Zhouli in the Lu State.