德国刑法学中法益理论的历史发展及现状述评

法益概念在德国刑法学中有着独特的重要地位.一方面,理论界尽管对其内涵和功能理解不一、聚讼纷纭,但主流观点一直肯定,刑法的任务是保护法益,以法益为基础的犯罪的实质概念能够限制刑事立法.而另一方面,德国刑事立法和司法界对于法益概念的批判立法功能一直心存怀疑.法益论的发展历史和最新发展告诉我们,法益理论的历史精神体现在它对自由主义的坚守,是不屈从于国家权威和国家家长主义的独立判断和坚持.合比例原则与自治原则是对法益理论的有益补充.

Comment on the Development and Current Situation of the Theory of Legal Interest from German Criminal Jurisprudence

The concept of legal interest from the German Criminal jurisprudence enjoys a unique and important status.On one hand,there is no consensus about its connotation and function,w hile the mainstream view agrees that the task of the criminal law is to protect the legal interests,and the essential concept of Crime based on the legal interest can limit the criminal legislation.On the other hand,the German legislature and the judiciary are skeptical that the concept of legal interest can play a critical role in the legislation.T he history and the current situation of the theory of legal interests tell us that the essence of the theory of legal interest lies in its insisting on liberalism and its independence from the authority of the state and national paternalism.The principles of proportionality and autonomy are useful complements to the theory of legal interest