自动化决策中数据处理者的合理分析义务

以立法形式规定数据处理者的合理分析义务，是预防算法风险、推进算法规制的一条基本路径。基于元规制理念的合理分析义务设置，既是一种过程性规制，也是一种目的性规制。该义务要求数据处理者既应保证分析过程正当，还要确保分析结果合理。合理分析义务目前分散规定在我国个人信息保护法律体系中，按照自动化决策流程可将其类型化为三项内容：分析前的注意义务、分析过程中的控制义务、分析后的审查义务。合理分析义务的规范取向是防止算法歧视，公平对待公民个人或数据主体。数据处理者违反此种义务将面临行政责任和民事责任。当下主要的问责途径是惩治“大数据杀熟”“信息茧房”和“社会分选”现象。

On the Fair Analysis Obligation of Data Processor in Automated Decision-making

Prescribing the fair analysis obligation of data processors in the form of legislation is a basic path to prevent algorithmic risks and promote algorithmic regulation.The setting of fair analysis obligation based on the concept of meta-regulation is not only a kind of procedural regulation,but also a kind of purposive regulation.This obligation requires the information processor to ensure that the analysis process is proper and that the analysis results are fair.Fair analysis obligation is broadly regulated in the legal system of personal information protection in China.According to the automated decision-making process,the fair analysis obligation can be classified into three categories:the obligation of care before analysis,the obligation to control during analysis,and the obligation to review after analysis.The normative orientation of the fair analysis obligation is to prevent algorithmic discrimination and treat individual citizens or data subjects fairly.Data processors that violate such obligations will bear administrative and civil liabilities,and the main way of accountability is to punish the phenomena of "big data price discrimination","information cocoons" and "social sorting".