从强干预到弱干预：乡村振兴背景下发展型政府行为转型研究——基于L镇产业发展过程的案例分析

沿着发展型国家的研究脉络，以L镇产业发展为例，分析了地方发展型政府行为演变的逻辑和机制。针对已有研究将地方发展型政府视为追求利益最大化的理性人的不足，进而提出发展型政府行为的结构性解释视角。研究发现，在取消农业税费之前，政府积极介入产业发展，政府、村集体和农民形成紧密关联的利益共同体，政府发展行为嵌入乡村社会之中。取消农业税后，乡村利益共同体的解体、宏观政策制度环境的变化、乡村基层组织体系的松散化，这一系列结构性要素共同促成了地方政府在产业发展中的角色和行为转型。当前地方政府推动实施以农业企业为主体的新型产业发展政策，将小农置于边缘化地位，不利于建立分散小农户与现代农业有机衔接体系。如何为广大分散小农户提供更有保障的基本公共服务，使产业发展政策重新嵌入基层社会，是未来乡村振兴和产业发展政策改进的方向。

From Strong Intervention to Weak Intervention:Research on the Transformation of Developmental Government Behavior under the Background of Rural Revitalization:Case Analysis Based on the Development Process of Watermelon Industry in L Town

Following the research context of developmental states,this paper takes the development of watermelon industry in L town as an example,and analyzes the logic and mechanism of the evolution of local developmental government behavior.In view of the deficiency that the existing research regards the local developmental government as the rational person who pursues maximum benefit,this paper puts forward a structural explanation perspective of the developmental government behavior.The study finds that before the agricultural taxes and fees were abolished,the government was actively involved in the development of watermelon industry.The government,village collective and farmers formed a closely related interest community,and the government's developmental behavior was embedded in the rural society.After the abolition of agricultural tax,the rural interest community was disintegrated,the macro policy and institutional environment were changed,and the rural grass-roots organization system was loosened.Consequently,this series of structural elements have contributed to the transformation of the role and behavior of local governments in the development of watermelon industry.At present,the local government is promoting a new industrial development policy with agricultural enterprises as the subject,which has put small farmers in a marginalized position;therefore it is not conducive to an organic connection between dispersed small farmers and modern agriculture.How to provide more secure basic public services for scattered small farmers and re-embed industrial development policies into grass-roots society will be the direction for rural revitalization and industrial development policy evolution in the future.